八年级新目标第五期周报答案英语周报答案2021年到2022学年

八年级新目标第五期周报答案英语周报答案2021年到2022学年

How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work? A new study by three Harvard researchers suggests a novel answer: Shortly after you hire new workers, give them a raise.

“Previous research has shown that paying people more than they expect may elicit reciprocity(相互作用) in the form of greater productivity,” notes Deepak Malhotra, a Harvard business-administration professor who worked on the study. What he and his colleagues found, however, was that the connection between more pay and extra effort depends on presenting the increase “as a gift—that is, as something you’ve chosen to do purely as a nice gesture, with no strings attached.”

Malhotra and his team studied 267 people hired by oDesk, a global online network of freelancers, to do a one-time data-entry project for four hours. All of the new hires were people in developing countries, for whom hourly wages of $3 and $4 were higher than what they had been making in previous jobs.

The researchers split the group up into three equal parts. One group was told they would earn $3 an hour. A second group was initially hired at $3 an hour but, before they started working, they got a surprise: The budget for the project had expanded unexpectedly, they were told, and they would now be paid $4 an hour. The third group was offered $4 an hour from the start and given no increase.

Even though the second and third groups were eventually paid the same amount, the second group worked harder and produced more—about 20% more—than either of the other two. People in the second group also showed the most stamina, maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours. Interestingly, the more experienced employees in the high-performing group were the most productive of all, apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.

Contrary to conventional wisdom, Malhotra points out that higher pay, in and of itself, didn’t promote productivity: People who made $4 an hour from the beginning worked no harder than those who were hired at $3 and were then paid $3.

To get the most impact from their pay plans, he adds, companies might consider not only what to pay new hires, but when to pay it.

“The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase],” he says. Doling out extra money could promote productivity most “if you make it clear that the pay raise is something you’re choosing to do just because you can. Our theory is that people will reciprocate. If you do something nice, they’ll do something nice back.”

1.What does the underlined word “stamina” most probably mean?

A. The quality of being intelligent or clever.

B. The quality of doing something difficult or dangerous.

C. The physical or mental energy needed to do a tiring activity for a long time.

D. A particular method of doing an activity, usually involving practical skills.

2.Why did the second group produce more than the other two groups?

A. Because they thought they were better paid than the other groups.

B. Because they were experienced employees from developing countries.

C. Because an unexpected raise reminded them of their previous work.

D. Because they felt they were nicely treated and tried best to repay it.

3.What can we infer from this passage?

A. No pains, no gains.

B. It matters not what we give but how.

C. Honesty is the best policy.

D. Actions speak louder than words.

八年级新目标第五期周报答案英语周报答案2021年到2022学年试题答案

1.C

2.D

3.B

【解析】

试题分析:如何设计一个能激励人们努力工作的加薪策略呢？在本文中作者介绍了一个新的调查研究。这项调查表明在雇佣了新工人不久后，给他们加薪是最为有效的策略。因为给人们意料之外的加薪会使他们心生感激，由此工作效率也会随之提高。

1. 词义猜测题。根据该词后面的短语maintaining their focus all the way through the assigned task and performing especially well toward the end of the four hours.可知他们在长时间的工作中能做到全力投入，注意力能保持始终如一，由此判断该词意思是指“耐力”，答案选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第五段末句…… apparently because their previous work experience led them to appreciate the rarity of an unexpected raise.可以判断他们会因为感激意外获得的加薪而努力工作，故答案选D。

3.推理判断题。文章开头提出问题How do you design a pay plan that motivates people to do their best work?然后通过实验表明了不同的工资支付或者加薪方式会产生不同的结果，在通过文章最后总结性语言 “The key thing is how you present [the reason for an increase],”可以判断B选项正确。

考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。

The United States is already one year into a depression That was the news this week from the Na-tional Bureau of Economic Research. The downturn is the longest since a depression that began in 1981and lasted sixteen months.
Economists generally wait for production to shrink for six months in a row before they declare a re-cession. But the bureau, a private group, uses a wider set of information to measure the economy. Thenews only confirmed what many people already knew: that the world’s largest economy is weak and maynot recover soon.
Worsening conclitions have led to a big drop in spending, especially on costly products like new cars. Even Japanese automaker Toyota saw its sales fall thirty – four percent in the United States in November from a year ago.
The heads of Chrysler, Ford and General Motors retumed to Congress this week to again ask for federal aid.  Congressional leaders denounced(指责) them two weeks ago after they came in private jets with no clear plans for saving their industry. This time, the chiefs drove to Washington in fuel- saving hybrid vehicles. And their companies presented detailed restructuring plans. The reguest for aid has risen from twenty-five billion dollars two weeks ago to thirty-four billion in loans and credit lines.
G.M. wants almost half of that, and says it needs four billion dollars this month. It warned that without support it cannot continue to operate.
Ford is in a better position, But the sharing of suppliers means it could be affected if G.M. or
Chrysler fails. Ford is asking for a nine billion dollar credit line in case it needs it.
Chrysler is the smallest and most trouble of America’s Big Three. It says it needs a seven billion dollar loan by the end of the month.
Two days of congressional hearings began Thursday in the Senate Banking Committee. The chairman, Democrat Chris Dodd, said he would support helping the automakers for the good of the economy.
But the committee’s top Republican, Richard Shelby, continued to express opposition to a bailout(贿政援助）.
A main root of the world financial crisis is the weak housing market in the United States. The Trea-sury Department has been under pressure to help troubled homeowners. Now comes news that the depart-ment is developing a plan aimed at reducing interest rates on mortgage loans(汽车贷款) for some buyers of homes. That could be good for homeowners trying to sell.

1. 1.
   

   From the first two paragraphs, we know       .

   1. A.the United States is expected to recover soon
   2. B.the depression has lasted more than 16 months
   3. C.the depression is much more severe than expected
   4. D.the depression will last no more than 6 months
2. 2.
   

   Why were the automakers refused for federal aid two weeks ago?

   1. A.Because the government had no extra money to help.
   2. B.Because they didn’t have a ciear plan to save their industry.
   3. C.Because they had wasted too much on costly new cars.
   4. D.Because they had enough money to save their industry.
3. 3.
   

   Which of the following is asking for the largest federal aide

   1. A.G.M.
   2. B.Toyota.
   3. C.Chrysler.
   4. D.Ford.
4. 4.
   

   From the passage we may know Richard Shelby        tile automakers’ request for federal aid?

   1. A.was for
   2. B.was against
   3. C.didn’t care about
   4. D.took no notice of
5. 5.
   

   Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage?

   1. A.The hearings on Thursday agreed on a federal aid to the automakers.
   2. B.The main cause of the crisis is weak housing market in the U.S..
   3. C.The government is taking measures to save t he housing market.
   4. D.The Treasury Department had to help the troubled homeowners.

八年级新目标第五期周报答案英语周报答案2021年到2022学年试题答案CBABA
本文是关于美国经济复苏无力，大公司寻求政府救助的文章。
1.主旨大意题。由1,2段可知美国经济复苏无力，情况比预料的还要严重。
2.细节题。根据文章第四段Congressional leaders denounced(指责) them two weeks ago after they came in private jets with no clear plans for saving their industry.
3.细节题。第四段中The reguest for aid has risen from twenty-five billion dollars two weeks ago to thirty-four billion in loans and credit lines.这些企业要求的贷款大约是340亿美元。第五段G.M. wants almost half of that。第六段Ford is in a better position, Chrysler is the smallest and most trouble of America’s Big Three. B项丰田公司是日本的。所以选择A。
4.细节题。根据倒数第二段But the committee’s top Republican, Richard Shelby, continued to express opposition to a bailout(贿政援助）.
5.细节题。文章倒数2,3段清楚显示并非完全同意，有人反对。 <