英语周报2021至2022学年高二新课程第五期答案

英语周报2021至2022学年高二新课程第五期答案

Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.

1. Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)

Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery.

Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.

Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein. He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.

2. Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)

Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid. But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori.

So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting each morning – he indeed had gastritis.

3. Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)

This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.

Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.

With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies. Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.

1.What’s the main purpose of the article?

A. To introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves.

B. To list difficulties that scientists went through in order to make important discoveries.

C. To explain why some scientists chose to experiment on themselves.

D. To introduce some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize winners did on themselves.

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.

B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.

C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.

D. Barry Marshall’s experiment on himself confirmed that most doctors’ belief about gastritis

was correct.

3.The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.

A. a kind of bacteria

B. a kind of stomach disease

C. a new type of therapy

D. a large amount of stomach acid

4.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.

A. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell

B. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself

C. had his request to experiment on patients denied

D. believed that he was better than doctors at treating cancer

英语周报2021至2022学年高二新课程第五期答案试题答案

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：不同于化学家和物理学家使用仪器进行试验，生物学家、医学专家使用像老鼠一样的生物进行试验。但是，有三个获得过诺贝尔奖的科学家，他们是用自己的身体进行试验的。

1.But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves”和文中的小标题可知，文章主要介绍了三个以自己作为研究对象的获得诺贝尔奖的科学家，故选A。

2.Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria.”可知，Barry Marshall亲自喝下了幽门螺杆菌，故选C。

3.the disease might be related to a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori”可知，划线词指的是一种疾病，故选B。

4.With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies.”可知，Ralph Steinman给自己注射过三次基于他的研究的不同的疫苗，进行了八次实验性治疗，故选B。

考点：科学类短文阅读

目前，越来越多的中学生请家教，对于这一现象，存在两种不同观点：

请你根据以上提示，以Is a Tutor Necessary？为题，写一篇110词左右的短文，反映表中内容，并简要阐述自己的观点。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

要求：层次清楚，连贯流畅，表达灵活，不要逐字翻译。

参考词汇：家教tutor; 巩固strengthen

Is a Tutor Necessary?

More and more middle school students are having tutors at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it.

英语周报2021至2022学年高二新课程第五期答案试题答案

Is a Tutor Necessary?

More and more middle school students are having tutors at the weekend. There are two different viewpoints about it.

Some think it necessary . First of all, it’s more effective to study with a teacher than by themselves. Secondly , it can strengthen what I learnt in class. Besides, it can learn a lot more. Others think it unnecessary. For one thing students can easily form the habit of dependence. For another , students need time to relax from time to time. What’s more, the purpose of some family teachers is to make money.

In my opinion, whether a turor is needed just depends. If you are really very weak at or interested in a certain subject, maybe it’s ok for you to have one. But be sure to choose a good and suitable teacher, otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.

【解析】

试题分析：考查提纲类书面表达：这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体,故需要准确表达.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。

【亮点说明】范文中运用到一些常见的短语First of all首先；form the habit of养成。。的习惯；In my opinion,在我看来；be interested in对。。感兴趣；a waste of time and money浪费时间与金钱；it’s more effective to study with a teacher than by themselves这个句子中it做形式主语；it can strengthen what I learnt in class这个句子中what 引导strengthen的宾语从句；In my opinion, whether a turor is needed just depends这个句子中what引导主语从句；But be sure to choose a good and suitable teacher, otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.这个句子中运用到祈使句+otherwise +陈述句。

考点： 提纲类作文

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