英语周报HFW答案2023-2024八年级上册第9期

英语周报HFW答案2023-2024八年级上册第9期

Working with a group of baboons (狒狒）in the Namibian desert, Dr. Alecia Carter of the Department of Zoology，Cambridge University set baboons learning tasks involving a novel food and a familiar food hidden in a box. Some baboons were given the chance to watch another baboon who already knew how to solve the task, while others had to learn for themselves. To work out how brave or anxious the baboons were, Dr. Carter presented them either with a novel food or a threat in the form of a model of a poisonous snake.

She found that personality had a major impact on learning. The braver baboons learnt, but the shy ones did not learn the task although they watched the baboon perform the task of finding the novel food just as long as the brave ones did. In effect, despite being made aware of what to do, they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.

The same held true for anxious baboons compared with calm ones. The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.

This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality plays a key role in social learning in animals, something that has previously been ignored in studies on how animals learn to do things. The findings are significant because they suggest that animals may perform poorly in cognitive (认 知的）tasks not because they aren’t clever enough to solve them，but because they are too shy or nervous to use the social information.

The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning. If some individuals are unable to get information from others because they don’t associate with the knowledgeable individuals，or they are too shy to use the information once they have it，information may not travel between all group members, preventing the formation of a culture based on social learning.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The design of Dr. Carter’s research.

B. The results of Dr. Carter’s research.

C.The purpose of Dr. Carter’s research.

D. The significance of Dr. Carter’s research.

2.According to the research, which baboons are more likely to complete a new learning task?

A. Those that have more experience.

B. Those that can avoid potential risks.

C. Those that like to work independently.

D. Those that feel anxious about learning.

3.Which best illustrates the “mismatch” mentioned in Paragraph 4?

A. Some baboons are intelligent but slow in learning.

B. Some baboons are shy but active in social activities.

C. Some baboons observe others but don’t follow them.

D. Some baboons perform new tasks but don’t concentrate.

4.Dr. Carter’s findings indicate that our culture might be formed through.

A. storing information

B. learning from each other

C. understanding different people

D. travelling between social groups

英语周报HFW答案2023-2024八年级上册第9期试题答案

1.A

2.D

3.C

4.B

【解析】

【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的议论文。文章通过阐述研究狒狒如何获得食物的信息来讲述社会生活中的文化是通过相互的学习来获取的。

1.A考查主旨要义。根据文章第一段其主要阐述的是研究项目的主要内容，对象与方法也就是这个研究的设计，故A正确。

2.D考查细节理解。 根据文章第三段“The anxious individuals learnt the task by observing others”可知选D。

3.C考查判断推理。根据文章第三段最后 “while those who were relaxed did not, even though they spent more time watching.”可知划线部分的内容指的是“光看不做的”，故C正确。

4.B考查细节理解。 根据文章最后一段第一句“The findings may impact how we understand the formation of culture in societies through social learning”回归文章的研究主题上即文化的获取是通过相互的学习，故B正确。

February has long been a month of romance. With the sweet smell of roses in the air, romantic films hit cinemas and love stories fill newspapers and magazines.

On the 14th day, it is a custom for a boy to take his girlfriend out to dinner, buy her flowers and chocolates, write poems, sing to her or even spell out her name with rose petals! This is what you see on Valentine’s Day, a day named after Valentine who was a priest in the third century Rome. When the emperor (皇帝) decided that single men could become better soldiers than those with wives, he didn’t allow marriage. But Valentine continued to perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death. While in prison, it is said that Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his prison guard. Before his death, he wrote her a letter, which he signed “From your Valentine”, an expression that is still in use today. Valentine died for what he believed in and so he was made a Saint (圣徒), as well as becoming one of history’s most romantic characters.

Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people. Some students are planning to make Valentine’s cards for parents, teachers and friends. Others want to hold parties at which they will exchange small gifts and eat heart-shaped cakes. The idea is to have fun and encourage people to share in the spirit of St. Valentine.

1.Why did the emperor in Rome not allow marriage in his country?

A. Because there were few women in his country at that time.

B. Because he thought men without wives could be better soldiers.

C. Because there wasn’t enough food for so many people.

D. Because he wanted to control the birth rate.

2.Valentine was put into prison because ______.

A. he killed one of the soldiers

B. he stole a lot of food

C. he didn’t obey the emperor’s order

D. he didn’t want to be a soldier

3.The last paragraph mainly tells us ______.

A. students in China send cards to their teachers

B. it is a good idea to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China

C. it is interesting to celebrate Valentine’s Day in China

D. Valentine’s Day is also popular in China now

4.The best title for this passage should be ______.

A. Valentine’s Day B. A Brave Priest

C. Valentine’s Day in China D. A Romantic Man

英语周报HFW答案2023-2024八年级上册第9期试题答案

1.B

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：文章大意：二月作为浪漫的月份由来已久。在这个时节，空气中弥漫着玫瑰花的芳香，影院里放映浪漫的电影，而爱情故事在各种报刊上令人目不睱接。2 月 14 日是情人节，你们了解情人节的由来吗？

1.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，罗马皇帝认为单身男人比有妻子的男人更适合当兵打仗，于是他下令禁止结婚。故B正确。

2.2】C细节理解题。从第三段的句子：But Valentine continued to perform marriage ceremonies for young lovers in secret. When his actions were discovered, the emperor sentenced him to death.可知瓦伦丁没有遵守皇帝的命令。故C正确。

3.细节理解题。从最后一段的句子：Nowadays, Valentine’s Day is also popular among Chinese young people.可知它在中国年轻人当中的普及程度。故D正确。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章的大意可知：文章主要帮助我们了解情人节的历史，故用标题Valentine’s Day。故A正确。

考点：考查历史类短文阅读

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